ALL ABOUT MS Nutrition
(Part 20)
Consideration of nutrition
and multiple sclerosis has two aspects. Nutrition, along with other factors, is
important for the very appearance of the disease, or for its aetiology. On the
other hand, when the disease has already been shown, proper nutrition significantly
improves the quality of life of patients. The study of nutrition is associated
with certain methodological problems, and the results of different types of
studies are often in mutual contradiction. But despite these constraints,
nutrition is today in the focus of interest of a large number of researchers,
because a good knowledge of its effects on health and disease provides great
opportunities for disease prevention and deterioration.
The
importance of nutrition for the emergence of multiple sclerosis
Epidemiological studies have
shown that the risk of multiple sclerosis is associated with increased intake
of animal fats and foods rich in saturated fatty acids and the poor
unsaturated. Unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic, are immunosuppressive.
In some studies, the association of high-calorie foods, especially during the
childhood, was found to be associated with the disease. It is assumed that this
type of diet is one of the determining factors that influence the changes in
the body's immune system. It is particularly disadvantageous if there is
imbalance between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, which can lead to
increased susceptibility to agents that encourage demyelination. In contrast,
diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids (fish, fruits and vegetables) reduce the
risk of disease. The protective effect of fruits and vegetables is explained by
the antioxidant effect of vitamins and minerals.
The
effect of nutrition on the course of the disease
The beneficial effects of
some food components have been observed in people who have a clinically
manifested form of multiple sclerosis. Preliminary studies have shown that
polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 6 found in fish oil affect the development of
the disease. Their beneficial effect is further stimulated by the omega 3 fatty
acids. However, these encouraging results require confirmation, that is, it is
necessary to check them in studies involving a large number of patients and a
long track record.
Given all the facts listed,
the question arises as to whether a person with multiple sclerosis needs to be
fed. The most accurate answer is: hello, or exactly the same as a person who
does not have this disease.
Recommendations
of the World Health Organization for Healthy Nutrition
Healthy nutrition is a
condition for a good quality of life and has its own rules. According to the
recommendations of the World Health Organization, it involves the
implementation of diverse nutrition with a higher proportion of foods of plant
and animal origin, the consumption of bread, cereals, pasta, rice and potatoes
several times a day, consuming at least 400 grams of fresh fruit and vegetables
daily divided into five meals, body weight at the recommended limits (BMI -
Body Mass Index 20-25), control of fat intake because they should not account
for more than 30% of the energy needs of the body, replacement of saturated
fatty acids with unsaturated and used (oregano, sour milk, yoghurt and cheese)
with a minimum fat content (1%) and salt, avoiding sweets and beverages with
high sugar content , avoiding very salty foods (the daily intake of kitchen
salt should not exceed 6 g), limiting alcoholic beverages to two glasses a day,
and preparing food in a healthy way (steaming or baking can help keep the food
extra fat). It is recommended to have breakfast together with fruit juice
(preferably from reared fruit) before or during breakfast, limiting the size of
the portion and doing at least five smaller meals a day), consuming delicacies
(ice cream, cookies) with low fat content or without fat and fruit consumption.
From the so-called. "Fast" food is better to take grilled chicken
than a sandwich with meat products and fatty cheese. It is important to take a
large amount of fluid, especially water every day (6-8 glasses).
Food should be supplemented
with certain vitamins and minerals. It is daily enough to insert a single
effervescent multivitamin tablet along 1000 mg vitamin C and 400 IJ vitamin E.
It is also recommended to use omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids.
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