Symptoms of the disease
Symptoms of MS are very diverse and numerous. In most patients, symptoms occur occasionally and progression of the disease can be altered both in its intensity and duration. They depend on the part of the brain and spinal cord affected by the disease. Not all patients have the same symptoms, they vary from one person to another, but vary with each patient over time. A person suffering from MS will usually experience more than one symptom, but never everything. Symptoms may occur individually or in combination and last for a few weeks to a few months after reporting.
The initial symptoms of MS in the order of frequency are: subjective sensory impairment, reduced visual acuity, loss of strength in one or more limbs, duplicate images, balance disorders and vertigo and sphincter disorders.
The most common symptoms of MS are: feeling sick (hypoesthesia), muscle weakness, painful muscle spasms, difficulty in movement, coordination and balance problems (ataxia), speech problems (disartia) or swallowing (dysphagia), visual impairment, disorders of the sphincter, sexual problems, acute or chronic pain, and cognitive and emotional disorders. The common symptom of MS is spasticity, a condition in which the muscles of opposite functions are simultaneously contracted or relaxed, and are due to increased muscle tone (tension).
Turn off the feelings
They are very common and in MS occur relatively early. There are frequent paraesthesia (feelings of tiredness, rupture, tingling), dizesthesia (unpleasant sensations, usually painful, caused by the action of an irritant that does not normally cause such a feeling - eg, the patient touches the pain as a pain), hyperpathy (increased sensitivity to painful irritation) and anesthesia (complete loss of any feeling including pain, touch and temperature).
Visual disturbance
Visual disturbances are also very common symptoms, with 30% of patients reporting the first symptom of the disease. Visual disturbances are usually unilateral, of varying duration and accompanied by complete visual recovery. They are most commonly due to inflammation and demyelinization of the optic nerve (so-called optic neuritis) and then treated with corticosteroids in the form of three-day pulse therapy. The patient usually complains of pain in the depth of the eye or in the forehead and in the blurred vision, especially at dusk; Colors are often made "washed".
Due to the weakness of the muscles that trigger the eyeball, diplopia (i.e., double images) may appear. In this case, a patch covering one eye is sometimes used. However, ophthalmologists advise that their use be reduced to the minimum, eg. only in reading or driving a car, because the brain will eventually learn to interpret two images accurately as one, but this process will be slower if the patch is used too often.
Sometimes a blind spot may occur in the area of the clearest sight. Often there is also nystagmus - reluctant rapid movements of the eyeballs.
Like other MS symptoms, visual impairment may be exacerbated by stress, during infections, in conditions of increased body temperature, or by taking some medications (eg Tricyclic antidepressants).
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